Credits

In this program, students must pass a minimum of 44 credits. These should at least be the following:

1. A minimum of 21 basic credits that should include:
   • The 5 compulsory credits of the course Language and Linguistic Analysis Fundamentals.
   • The 4 compulsory credits of the Third Cycle Seminar
2. A minimum of 6 methodological credits that should include:
   • The 3 compulsory credits of the course Tools and Resources for Linguistic Work.
   • The 3 compulsory credits of the course Language-Applied Scientific Research Methodology.
3. A minimum of 12 credits during their research period, in which students prepare two research papers:
   • A research work (3 credits).
   • A final research paper or dissertation project (9 credits).

Students may select the rest to comply with the minimum 44 credits needed from the basic, methodological and related credits offered in this and in other programs, but under the following principles: a maximum of 6 credits in related subjects and 5 credits in subjects not included the program.

Academic Structure

Academic Period

First Course (2003-2004)

Second Course (2004-2005)

Research Period

The 12 research credits are distributed in a 3-credit  tutored research paper and a 9-credit dissertation project about one of the domains:

• general and specialised discourse
• language variation and change
• lexicon and terminology
• lexicography
• linguistic engineering and computational linguistics
• scientific information and knowledge management

Course Description

First Course

Language and Linguistic Analysis Fundamentals

• 5 credits
• fundamental
• compulsory

Objectives

The main objectives of this course-with a propaedeutic character-are to expose the theoretical and methodological fundamentals of the components of linguistics (phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics), the acquisition of a solid linguistic analysis methodology, and the introduction of different contemporary linguistic models.

Bibliography

• CRUSE, D. A. (2000) Meaning in language. An introduction to semantics and pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• DURAND, J. (1990) Fundamentos de fonología generativa y no-lineal. Barcelona: Teide, 1992
• JACKENDOFF, R. (1997) The Architecture of the Language Faculty. Cambridge (Mass.): The MIT Press.
• RADFORD, A. et al. (1999) Introducción a la lingüística. Madrid: Cambridge University Press, 2000
• SELLS, P. (1985) Teorías sintácticas actuales. Barcelona: Teide, 1989.
• SPENCER, A. (1991) Morphological Theory. Oxford: Blackwell.

Tools and Resources for Linguistic Work

• 3 credits
• methodological
• compulsory

Objectives

This subject pretends to present and use, on the one hand, specific tools such as corpus consultation programs, terminological database or documentary managers, different kinds of tagging or labeling tools and lexicometrical applications, and, on the other hand, all the computer resources that could be valuable for linguistic research.

Bibliography

• BUTLER, C. (ed.) (1992) Computer and written texts. Londres: Blackwell.
• HABERT, B. et al. Les linguistiques de corpus. Paris: Armand Colin
• KRISHNAMURTHY, R. (1997) Keeping Good Company: Collocation, Corpus, and Dictionaries. IULA, Cicle de conferències 95-96. Barcelona: IULA
• SINCLAIR, J. (1991) Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: OUP.

Language-Applied Scientific Research Methodology

• 3 credits
• methodological
• compulsory

Objectives

This subject has three basic objectives. Firstly, to familiarize students with epistemological issues of science and research to increase knowledge. The historic clarification of scientific development will be an important ingredient of this first objective. The second objective will be to make some reflections about the methods applied to language research: explicative theories, problems, data collection, descriptions and experiments, qualitative and quantitative methods for data analysis, applications. The third objective will be to present the research process from three fundamental facts: a) the decision level; that is, why do we research; b) the realization level, which is the research's design, and c) the execution level; therefore, the techniques to collect data and their treatment.

Bibliography

• ALCARAZ, E. (1990) Tres paradigmas de la investigación lingüística. Alcoi: Ed. Marfil.
• BUNGE, M. (1989 2a) trad. cast. La investigación científica, su estrategia y su filosofía Barcelona: Ariel.
• HATCH, E.; H. FARHADY (1982) Research Design and Statistics for Applied Linguistics. Cambridge, (Mass.): Newsbury House.
• LAKATOS, I. (1978) trad. Cast. La metodología de los programas de investigación científica. Madrid: Alianza ed. 1983.
• LÓPEZ MORALES, H. (1994) Métodos de investigación lingüística. Salamanca, De: Colegio de España.
• PERCIVAL, W.K. (1976) "The applicability of Kuhn's paradigms to the history of linguistics", Language (52/2), p. 285-294.

General Seminar

• 4 credits
• fundamental
• obligatory

Objectives

The General Seminar will consist of the presentation and discussion of projects and/or research papers. Participation will be mostly of students of the third cycle (who will present their research work as collaborations with research projects, as well as Ph.D. thesis-oriented and/or dissertation draft-oriented activities, and research papers). The sessions of the General Seminar will be distributed through the course and will be covering all the aspects of applied linguistics that carry an important weight in this Ph.D. program (and in IULA's research activities in general). Furthermore, the General Seminar will try to especially consider methodological aspects. The participation of foreign professors will be included, as well as the program's specific cycle of conferences and seminars.

Linguistics and Variation

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: Linguistic Variation

Objectives

The objectives of this subject are to present the theory of variation and to offer a general overview of the internal and external dimensions of variation in natural language. It examines variability as an inherent characteristic of language (phonological, syntactic and semantic-pragmatic variation), variation and linguistic modification, variation as an analytic method, and the socio-linguistic view of variation.

Bibliography

• CHAMBERS, J.K. and P. TRUDGILL (1998) Dialectology (2nd. ed.), Cambridge: CUP.
• LABOV, W. (1994) Principles of linguistic change. Londres: Blackwell.
• Romaine, S. (1992) Socio-historical linguistics. Cambridge: CUP.

Applied Terminology

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: Lexicon and Terminology

Objectives

This subject has three proposed objectives. The first objective is to give a panoramic view about the applications of specialized lexicons (dictionaries: specialized lexicographic typology and other applications: terminological engineering, thesaurus, terminology teaching modules). The second objective is to offer analysis criteria of specialized lexicographical works (specialized meta-lexicography and meta-terminology). The third objective is to offer a methodology for the treatment of data and the creation of specialized dictionaries, and the application of this methodology (the elaboration of terminological models).

Bibliography

• BERGENHOLTZ, H; TARP, S. (1995) Manual of specialised lexicography: the preparation of specialised dictionaries. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
• CABRÉ, M. T.; FELIU, J. (2001) La terminologia científico-técnica: reconocimiento, análisis y extracción de información formal y semántica. Barcelona: IULA.
• SAGER, J-C (1990) A practical course in Terminology Processing. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. [Traducció castellana: Curso práctico sobre el procesamiento de la terminología. Madrid: Fundación Germán Sánchez Ruipérez, 1993].
• WRIGHT, Sue-Ellen; BUDIN, Gerhard. (eds.) (1984) Handbook of Terminology Management. Volume I. Basic Aspects of Terminology Management. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Meta-lexicography

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: Lexicography

Objectives

This subject has the objectives of studying the main issues contemplated by lexicography and the solutions offered by dictionaries.

Bibliography

• HAUSMANN, F. J. (1989-1991) Worterbucher. Dictionaries. Dictionnaires. Nova York: Walter de Gruyter.
• LARA, L.F (1997) Teoría del diccionario monolingüe. Mèxic: El Colegio de México.
• SINCLAIR, J. (1988) Looking up. An account of the COBUILD project in lexical computing and the development of the Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary. Londres: Collins.
• SVENSEN, B. (1993) Practical lexicography. Principles and methods of dictionary-making. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Applications to the Automatic Treatment of Language

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: Computerized Linguistics and Linguistic Engineering

Objectives

To show the way how computerized treatment of language is applied with concrete goals: information management, translation and interfacing in natural language.

Bibliography

• DALE, Robert; MOISL, H.; SOMMERS, H. (eds.): Handbook of Natural Language Processing. New York: Dekker, 2000.

Specialized Discourse: Linguistic and Cognitive Aspects

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: General and Specialized Discourse

Objectives

This subject has three proposed objectives. The first one is to present-by textual analysis-the most relevant aspects of specialized knowledge through linguistic data, and to analyze its specificity in relation to general knowledge, and to examine the ways to acquire and to store both types of knowledge. The second objective is to perform the analysis of texts in conceptual structures (thematic hierarchies, thesaurus). The third objective is to present the bases of information retrieval by using these structures.

Bibliography

• CIAPUSCIO, G. (1992) Ciencia para el lego: investigaciones sobre textos de divulgación científica. Alemanya: Universitat de Bielefeld
• DUBOIS, D. (1993) Sémantique et cognition. Catégories, prototypes, typicalité. París: Edicions CNRS
• SALTON, G. (1983) Introduction to modern information retrieval. Nova York: McGraw-Hill.

Lexicon and Syntax

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• transversal

Objectives

This subject pretends to intensify the description, the analysis and the generalization of lexicological and syntactic phenomena by concentrating on the issues of the interrelations between the lexicon and syntax. The description of the data will allow to influence in the methodological aspects of the representation and classification of linguistic units.

Bibliography

• ALSINA, A. (1996) The Role of Argument Structure in Grammar. Evidence from Romance. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
• KAY, P. (1997) Words and the grammar of context. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
• LEVIN, B.; RAPPAPORT, M. (1995) Unaccusativity at the syntax-lexical semantics interface. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
• SUBIRATS RÜGGEBERG, C. (2001) Introducción a la sintaxis léxica del español. Frankfurt: Vervuert.

Second Course

Multidisciplinary Studies of the Discourse

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: General and Specialized Discourse

Objectives

One of the most significant developments in the study of discourse in recent years is its increasing multidisciplinary nature. This subject studies this multidisciplinary character with an examination of some of the relations between the structure and the strategies of the discourse, on the one side, and the structures and the cognitive and social processes, on the other.

Bibliography

• SANDERS, T. (1997) "Semantic and Pragmatic Sources of Coherence: On the Categorization of Coherence Relations in Context." In Spooren, W. And Risselada, R. (eds.): Discourse Processes, Volume 24. Greenwich: Connecticut. Ablex Publishing Corporation, p. 119-147.
• van DIJK, T. (ed.) (2000) Estudios del discurso. 2 vols. Barcelona, Gedisa.
• van DIJK, T. (1999) Ideología. Barcelona, Gedisa.
• WODAK, R. & MEYER, M. (eds.) (2001) Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis. London, Sage.

Analysis and Applications of Variation

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: Linguistic Variation

Objectives:

This subject studies the casuistic of variation and is a critical (re)analysis of the linguistic descriptions from a variation-oriented perspective. A second objective is to illustrate the variation-oriented perspective in different application domains: the creation of grammars and descriptive dictionaries, diachronic analysis and dialectology, standardization and normative prescription, translation, forensics linguistics, orthologic diagnostic techniques and orthological formation of locution and oral correctors, linguistic localization and globalization, preparation of didactic materials, analysis of the community of language.

Bibliography

• BIBER, D., S. CONRAD, I R. REPPEN (1998). Corpus linguistics. Investigating language structure and use. Cambridge University Press.
• BJARKMAN, P.C. i V. RASKIN (eds.) (1986) The real-world linguist. Ablex: Norwood.
• DI PETRO, R. J. (ed.) (1982) Linguistics and the professions, Ablex: Norwood.
• GIBBONS, J. (ed.) (1994) Language and the law, Longman: Londres.
• SOLA, J. (1990) Lingüística i normativa, Empúries: Barcelona.

General Terminology: Specialized Knowledge and Language

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional

Domain: Lexicon and Terminology

Objectives

This subject will introduce students into terminology as an interdisciplinary field that includes knowledge, language, and communication. Its fundamentals, its evolution, and its applications will be discussed in the framework of a multi-modular theory, which includes epistemology, language theory, and discourse theory.

Bibliography

• CABRÉ, M. T. (1999) Terminology: theory, methods and applications. Editat per J. C. Sager. Traduït del català per J. A. DeCesaris. Amsterdam; Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, XII, 252 p. Hb: 90-272-1633-9; Pb: 90-272-1634-7.
• CABRÉ, M. T.; FELIU, J. (2001) La terminología científico-técnica: reconocimiento, análisis y extracción de información formal y semántica. Barcelona: IULA.
• SAGER, J-C (1990) A practical course in Terminology Processing. Amsterdam; Filadelfia: John Benjamins. [Traducció castellana: Curso práctico sobre el procesamiento de la terminología. Madrid: Fundación Germán Sánchez Ruipérez, 1993].
• PEARSON, J. (1998) Terms in Context. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
• REY, A. (1995) Essays on Terminology. Traducció i edició de J.C. Sager i introducció de B. de Bessé. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
• TEMMERMAN, R. (2000) Towards news ways of terminology description: the sociocognitive-approach. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Dictionary Analysis and Lexicographic Projects

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: Lexicography

Objectives

This subject has, as its objective, the practical analysis of the macro- and microstructure of dictionaries that come from different lexicographical traditions, and the study of lexicographical projects: objectives, materials, and results.

Bibliography

• BATTENBURG, J. (1991) English monolingual learners' dictionaries: a user-oriented study. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.
• HAUSMANN, F. J. (1989-1991) Worterbucher. Dictionaries. Dictionnaires. Nova York: Walter de Gruyter.
• BÉJOINT, H. i P. THOIRON (1996) Les dictionnaires bilingües. Louvain-La-Neuve: Duculot.

Natural Language Processing

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• Domain: Computerized Linguistics and Linguistic Engineering

Objectives

This subject pretends to introduce students into the study and the understanding of natural language's and algorithm's underlying computational properties, methods, and techniques for linguistic information processing.  This subject will present the symbolic and quantitative techniques for morphologic, syntactic and semantic processing from a linguistic and algorithmic perspective.

Bibliography

• ALLEN, J. (1995) Natural Language Understanding. Redwood City, Calif. (second edition):  Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company.
• JURAFSKY, D.; MARTIN, J. (2000) Speech and Language Processing. Prentice Hall.

Semantics and Pragmatics

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• transversal

Objectives

The objectives of this subject are to offer an integral view of semantics and pragmatics by analyzing the key concepts and the functioning of the models: formal semantics (sense and reference, the principle of composition), lexical semantics, conceptual semantics (prototypes, radial categories, metaphors, polysemy), the theory of the act of speech (intention, indirection), the theory of conversational implication (inferential protocols), the theory of relevance (inference, explanation, access to the reference, markers or labels and relevance areas), models of discursive coherence, idea and pragmatic structure of the text (semantic-argumentative marks or labels versus pragmatics).

Bibliography

• BACH, E. (1990): Informal Lectures on Formal Semantics, Albany, State University of New York Press.
• CABRÉ, T. & RIGAU, G. (1987) Lexicologia i Semàntica. Barcelona. Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• LAKOFF, G. (1987): Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things, Chicago, Chicago
• University Press.
• SANDERS, T. (1997): Semantic and Pragmatic Sources of Coherence: On the Categorization of Coherence Relations in Context. In Spooren, W. and Risselada, R. (eds.): Discourse Processes, Volume 24. Greenwich: Connecticut. Ablex Publishing Corporation, pp. 119-147
• WILSON, D. & D. SPERBER (1993): "Linguistic Form and Relevance", Lingua, 90, 1993, 1-26.

Documentation and Knowledge Management

• 3 credits
• fundamental
• optional
• transversal

Objectives

This subject has two general objectives: to acquire knowledge about the on-line research systems and methods: search drivers, databases, selective information diffusion services; and to acquire knowledge about how to organize navigation and access to information in digital publications related to the representation of knowledge.

Bibliography

• ABADAL, E. Els serveis d'informació electrònica, què són i per a què serveixen. Barcelona: Edicions Universitat de Barcelona, 1997.
• ACKERMANN, E.; HARTMAN, K. The information specialist's guide to searching and researching on the Internet and the World Wide Web. Wilsonville: ABF Content, 1998.
• BASCH, R.; BATES, M. E. Researching online for dummies. Foster: IDG, 2000.
• CABRÉ, T. "La noció de normalització terminològica per al treball documental". En: Cid, P.; Baró, J. (Eds.). Anuari SOCADI de Documentació i Informació. Barcelona: SOCADI, 1998, p. 113-120.
• CODINA, L. "La WWW desde la perspectiva de la investigación en línea". Quark, n. 18, enero-junio 2000, p. 32-37.
• CODINA, L. El libro digital y la WWW. Madrid: Tauro, 2000.
• ROVIRA, C. El disseny de navegació i l'organització de continguts en l'hipertext per a l'ensenyament-aprenentatge. Barcelona, 2001 (tesi doctoral).